On the solution of the inverse problem for a class of canonical systems corresponding to matrix string equations (Q2670024)

The author studies canonical systems of the form defined on either \([0, r]\) or \([0, \infty)\) \[ w^{\prime}(x, \lambda)=\mathrm{i} \lambda J H(x) w(x, \lambda), \quad J:=\begin{bmatrix} 0 & I_{p} \\ I_{p} & 0 \end{bmatrix}, \] where \(w^{\prime}:=\frac{d}{d x} w, \mathrm{i}\) is the imaginary unit, \(\lambda\) is the spectral parameter, \(I_{p}\) is the \(p \times p \ (p \in \mathbb{N})\) identity matrix, \(\mathbb{N}\) denotes the set of positive integer numbers, \(H(x)\) is of the form \[ H(x)=\beta(x)^{\ast} \beta(x), \] with \[ \beta(x) \in \mathcal{U}^{p \times 2 p}[0, r], \quad \mathcal{U}^{p \times q}[0, r]:=\left\{\mathcal{G}: \mathcal{G}^{\prime}(x) \equiv \mathcal{G}^{\prime}(0)+\int_{0}^{x} \mathcal{G}^{\prime \prime}(t) d t\right\} \] where \(\mathcal{G}^{\prime \prime} \in L_{2}^{p \times q}(0, r), L_{2}^{p \times q}(0, r)\) stands for the class of \(p \times q\) matrix functions with square integrable entries (i.e. the entries from \(\left.L_{2}(0, r)\right)\) and \(\mathcal{G}^{\prime}\) is the standard derivative of \(\mathcal{G}\). The following conditions on \(\beta(x)\) are also required. \[ \beta(x) J \beta(x)^{\ast} \equiv 0, \quad \beta^{\prime}(x) J \beta(x)^{\ast} \equiv \mathrm{i} I_{p}. \] The author solves the direct and inverse problems in terms of Titchmarsh-Weyl and spectral matrix functions and related \(S\)-nodes. Procedures for solving inverse problems are given. The results in this paper are interesting and useful for further studies of the canonical systems.