Analysis on trees with nondoubling flow measures (Q2697421)

Suppose that $T=(V, E)$ is a tree with vertex set $V$ and edge set $E$. The authors here consider flow measures on $V$, whose value at each point can be reconstructed as the sum of the values the function takes at the sons of that point. The curiosity about such measures arises due to the fact that there is a canonical injective lifting method to map Borel measures on the boundary of the tree to measures on its vertices, and such flow measures are exactly the range of such a lifting operator. The authors probe some pieces of theory resulting from classical Harmonic Analysis and analyze the behaviour of a Hardy-Littlewood maximal function, to describe a Calderon-Zygmund decomposition of integrable functions. During this attempt, they introduce Hardy and BMO spaces on the metric measure space $(T, d, m)$, where $T$ is a general infinite tree, $d$ the geodesic distance, and \(m\) the flow measure which is locally doubling. First, they establish that these measures never satisfy the isoperimetric property. They define a family of subsets of $V$ called admissible trapezoids, which exhibits interesting geometric properties. They assert that every integrable function admits a Calderon-Zygmund decomposition where the admissible trapezoids are involved. They further define a Hardy space $H^1(m)$ and a space $\text{BMO}(m)$ linked to the family of admissible trapezoids and show that $\text{BMO}(m)$ can be identified with the dual of $H^1(m)$ and that a John-Nirenberg inequality holds in this setting. They further establish that such spaces satisfy good interpolation properties, both with respect to the real and the complex interpolation methods, so that they can be used for endpoint boundedness results for integral operators. They also indicate the direction of their future research work in progress concerning the boundedness properties of spectral multipliers and Riesz transforms on more general trees and for more general Laplacians which are self-adjoint with respect to a flow measure.