On self-adjoint boundary conditions for singular Sturm-Liouville operators bounded from below

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2020.05.005MaRDI QIDQ2189774zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Lance L. Littlejohn, Fritz Gesztesy, Roger Nichols

Publication date 16 June 2020

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.13117

zbMATH Keywords

boundary conditionsboundary valuessingular Sturm-Liouville operatorsWeyl \(m\)-functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Boundary eigenvalue problems for ordinary differential equations (34B09) Oscillation theory, zeros, disconjugacy and comparison theory for ordinary differential equations (34C10) Particular ordinary differential operators (Dirac, one-dimensional Schrödinger, etc.) (34L40) Weyl theory and its generalizations for ordinary differential equations (34B20) Sturm-Liouville theory (34B24) Special ordinary differential equations (Mathieu, Hill, Bessel, etc.) (34B30)

Abstract: We extend the classical boundary values �egin{align*} & g(a) = - W(u_{a}(lambda_0,.), g)(a) = lim_{x downarrow a} frac{g(x)}{hat u_{a}(lambda_0,x)}, \ &g^{[1]}(a) = (p g')(a) = W(hat u_{a}(lambda_0,.), g)(a) = lim_{x downarrow a} frac{g(x) - g(a) hat u_{a}(lambda_0,x)}{u_{a}(lambda_0,x)} end{align*} for regular Sturm-Liouville operators associated with differential expressions of the type $au=r(x{)}^{-1}[-(d/dx)p(x)(d/dx)+q(x)]$ for a.e. $xin[a,b]subsetmathbbR$, to the case where $au$ is singular on $(a,b)subseteqmathbbR$ and the associated minimal operator $T_{min}$ is bounded from below. Here $u_a(lambd{a}_0,cdot)$ and $hat{u}_a(lambd{a}_0,cdot)$ denote suitably normalized principal and nonprincipal solutions of $auu=lambd{a}_{0}u$ for appropriate $lambd{a}_{0}inmathbbR$, respectively. We briefly discuss the singular Weyl-Titchmarsh-Kodaira $m$-function and finally illustrate the theory in some detail with the examples of the Bessel, Legendre, and Kummer (resp., Laguerre) operators.

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Cited in

(28)

• The spectrum of self-adjoint extensions associated with exceptional Laguerre differential expressions
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• Boundary triples and Weyl \(m\)-functions for powers of the Jacobi differential operator
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• Sturm-Liouville \(M\)-functions in terms of Green's functions
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• On the boundary conditions for products of Sturm-Liouville differential operators
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