Index of minimal spheres and isoperimetric eigenvalue inequalities

DOI10.1007/S00222-020-00992-5MaRDI QIDQ2225233zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Mikhail Karpukhin

Publication date 5 February 2021

Published in Inventiones Mathematicae (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.03174

zbMATH Keywords

eigenvalues of Laplacianharmonic mapsmoduli spacestwistor theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Twistor methods in differential geometry (53C28) Differential geometry of immersions (minimal, prescribed curvature, tight, etc.) (53C42) Index theory and related fixed-point theorems on manifolds (58J20)

Abstract: In the present paper we use twistor theory in order to solve two problems related to harmonic maps from surfaces to Euclidean spheres $mathbb{S}^n$. First, we propose a new approach to isoperimetric inequalities based on energy index. Using this approach we show that for any positive $k$, the $k$-th non-zero eigenvalue of the Laplacian on the real projective plane endowed with a metric of unit area, is maximized on the sequence of metrics converging to a union of $(k-1)$ identical copies of round sphere and a single round projective plane. This extends the results of P. Li and S.-T. Yau for $k=1$ (1982); N. Nadirashvili and A. Penskoi for $k=2$ (2018); and confirms the conjecture made in [KNPP]. Second, we improve the known upper bounds for the area index of minimal two-dimensional spheres and minimal projective planes in $mathbb{S}^n$. In the course of the proof we establish a twistor correspondence for Jacobi fields, which could be of independent interest for the study of moduli space of harmonic maps.

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