Stability of non-monotone critical traveling waves for reaction-diffusion equations with time-delay

Stability in context of PDEs (35B35) Traveling wave solutions (35C07) Initial value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K15) Reaction-diffusion equations (35K57) Semilinear parabolic equations (35K58) Population dynamics (general) (92D25)

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The authors study the stability of oscillatory traveling waves for the time-delayed reaction-diffusion equation \[ v_{t}(t,x)-Dv_{xx}(t,x)+dv(t,x)=b(v(t-r,x)),\;\;v(s,x)=v_{0}(s,x), \eqno{(1)} \] where \(x\in {\mathbb R}\), \(t>0\), and \(s\in [-r,0]\). The travelling wave is of the form \(\varphi(x+ct)\). This equation models the population dynamics of a single species and \(v(t,x)\) represents the mature population at time \(t\) and location \(x\). It is known that such traveling waves \(\varphi(x+ct)\) exist for all \(c>c_{*}\) for some number \(c_{*}\) and are exponentially stable for all wave speeds \(c>c_{*}\). Under certain conditions on the birth rate function \(b\), it is proven that the critical traveling waves \(\varphi(x+c_{*}t)\) (monotone or oscillatory) are also time-asymptotically stable when the initial perturbations \(v_{0}\) are small in a certain weighted Sobolev norm. Global existence, uniqueness, and uniform boundedness theorems are also presented for solutions to the Cauchy problem (1).

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