A Hardy field extension of Szemerédi's theorem

DOI10.1016/J.AIM.2009.03.017MaRDI QIDQ2389236zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Nikos Frantzikinakis, Máté Wierdl

Publication date 15 July 2009

Published in Advances in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0802.2734

zbMATH Keywords

arithmetic progressionsHardy fieldsmultiple ergodic averagesmultiple recurrence

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Measure-preserving transformations (28D05) Ramsey theory (05D10) Arithmetic progressions (11B25)

Abstract: In 1975 Szemer'edi proved that a set of integers of positive upper density contains arbitrarily long arithmetic progressions. Bergelson and Leibman showed in 1996 that the common difference of the arithmetic progression can be a square, a cube, or more generally of the form $p(n)$ where $p(n)$ is any integer polynomial with zero constant term. We produce a variety of new results of this type related to sequences that are not polynomial. We show that the common difference of the progression in Szemer'edi's theorem can be of the form $[n^{d}elta]$ where $delta$ is any positive real number and $[x]$ denotes the integer part of $x$. More generally, the common difference can be of the form $[a(n)]$ where $a(x)$ is any function that is a member of a Hardy field and satisfies $a(x)/x^{k}oinfty$ and $a(x)/x^{k+1}o0$ for some non-negative integer $k$. The proof combines a new structural result for Hardy sequences, techniques from ergodic theory, and some recent equidistribution results of sequences on nilmanifolds.

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Cited in

(29)

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• Nilsequences and a structure theorem for topological dynamical systems
• Multiple ergodic averages along functions from a Hardy field: convergence, recurrence and combinatorial applications
• Equidistribution of sparse sequences on nilmanifolds
• Arithmetic progressions in the graphs of slightly curved sequences
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