Equations of tropical varieties

DOI10.1215/00127094-3645544zbMATH Open1409.14100arXiv1308.0042OpenAlexW3099409833MaRDI QIDQ504013FDOQ504013

Authors: Jeffrey Giansiracusa, Noah Giansiracusa 

Publication date: 25 January 2017

Published in: Duke Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We introduce a scheme-theoretic enrichment of the principal objects of tropical geometry. Using a category of semiring schemes, we construct tropical hypersurfaces as schemes over idempotent semirings such as $mathbbT=(mathbbRcup-infty,mathrmmax,+)$ by realizing them as solution sets to explicit systems of tropical equations that are uniquely determined by idempotent module theory. We then define a tropicalization functor that sends closed subschemes of a toric variety over a ring R with non-archimedean valuation to closed subschemes of the corresponding tropical toric variety. Upon passing to the set of $mathbbT$-points this reduces to Kajiwara-Payne's extended tropicalization, and in the case of a projective hypersurface we show that the scheme structure determines the multiplicities attached to the top-dimensional cells. By varying the valuation, these tropicalizations form algebraic families of $mathbbT$-schemes parameterized by a moduli space of valuations on R that we construct. For projective subschemes, the Hilbert polynomial is preserved by tropicalization, regardless of the valuation. We conclude with some examples and a discussion of tropical bases in the scheme-theoretic setting.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1308.0042

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zbMATH Keywords

tropicalizationmax-plus algebratropical geometryHilbert polynomialbend relationsidempotent semiringtropical schemeuniversal valuation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Generalizations (algebraic spaces, stacks) (14A20)

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