Orthogonal polynomials and S-curves

DOI10.1090/CONM/578/11484zbMATH Open1318.30056arXiv1112.5713OpenAlexW4247204933MaRDI QIDQ5500664FDOQ5500664

Authors: E. A. Rakhmanov 

Publication date: 7 August 2015

Published in: Recent Advances in Orthogonal Polynomials, Special Functions, and Their Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This paper is devoted to a study of $S$-curves, that is systems of curves in the complex plane whose equilibrium potential in a harmonic external field satisfies a special symmetry property ($S$-property). Such curves have many applications. In particular, they play a fundamental role in the theory of complex (non-hermitian) orthogonal polynomials. One of the main theorems on zero distribution of such polynomials asserts that the limit zero distribution is presented by an equilibrium measure of an $S$-curve associated with the problem if such a curve exists. These curves are also the starting point of the matrix Riemann-Hilbert approach to srtong asymptotics. Other approaches to the problem of strong asymptotics (differential equations, Riemann surfaces) are also related to $S$-curves or may be interpreted this way. Existence problem $S$-curve in a given class of curves in presence of a nontrivial external field presents certain challenge. We formulate and prove a version of existence theorem for the case when both the set of singularities of the external field and the set of fixed points of a class of curves are small (in main case -- finite). We also discuss various applications and connections of the theorem.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1112.5713

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues, asymptotic theory of eigenfunctions for ordinary differential operators (34L20) Other functions coming from differential, difference and integral equations (33E30) Approximation by rational functions (41A20) Padé approximation (41A21) Orthogonal functions and polynomials, general theory of nontrigonometric harmonic analysis (42C05) Asymptotic representations in the complex plane (30E15)

Cited In (43)

• Orthogonal polynomials on a class of planar algebraic curves
• An analog of Pólya's theorem for multivalued analytic functions with finitely many branch points
• Phase diagram and topological expansion in the complex quartic random matrix model
• On the existence of compacta of minimal capacity in the theory of rational approximation of multi-valued analytic functions
• Large degree asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials with respect to an oscillatory weight on a bounded interval
• The distribution of the zeros of the Hermite-Padé polynomials for a pair of functions forming a Nikishin system
• Method of interior variations and existence of \(S\)-compact sets
• Zero distribution for Angelesco Hermite-Padé polynomials
• Phase transitions and equilibrium measures in random matrix models
• Convergence of two-point Padé approximants to piecewise holomorphic functions
• On the existence of short trajectories of quadratic differentials related to generalized Jacobi polynomials with non-real varying parameters
• Trajectories of quadratic differentials for Jacobi polynomials with complex parameters
• Zero distribution of complex orthogonal polynomials with respect to exponential weights
• Existence of a three-sheeted Nutall surface for a certain class of infinite-valued analytic functions
• On a lower bound for the rate of convergence of multipoint Padé approximants of piecewise analytic functions
• Critical measures on higher genus Riemann surfaces
• Critical measures for vector energy: global structure of trajectories of quadratic differentials
• Boutroux curves with external field: equilibrium measures without a variational problem
• Structure of the Nuttall partition for some class of four-sheeted Riemann surfaces
• On a new approach to the problem of distribution of zeros of Hermite-Padé polynomials for a Nikishin system
• S-curves in polynomial external fields
• Chebyshev-Padé approximants for multivalued functions
• The mother body phase transition in the normal matrix model
• Openness of regular regimes of complex random matrix models
• A periodic hexagon tiling model and non-Hermitian orthogonal polynomials
• Capacity of a compact set in a logarithmic potential field
• Equilibrium measures in the presence of certain rational external fields
• Symmetric contours and convergent interpolation
• Supercritical regime for the kissing polynomials
• Determination of \(S\)-curves with applications to the theory of non-Hermitian orthogonal polynomials
• On equilibrium problems related to the distribution of zeros of the Hermite-Padé polynomials
• The asymptotic zero distribution of Lommel polynomials as functions of their order with a variable complex argument
• On the distribution of the zeros of the Hermite-Padé polynomials for a quadruple of functions
• Equilibrium measures on a compact Riemann surface
• Equivalence of a scalar and a vector equilibrium problem for a pair of functions forming a Nikishin system
• On asymptotic regimes of orthogonal polynomials with complex varying quartic exponential weight
• Do orthogonal polynomials dream of symmetric curves?
• Distribution of zeros of the Hermite-Padé polynomials for a system of three functions, and the Nuttall condenser
• Asymptotic root distribution of Charlier polynomials with large negative parameter
• On polynomials defined by the discrete Rodrigues formula
• The Gonchar-Stahl \(\rho^2\)-theorem and associated directions in the theory of rational approximations of analytic functions
• Critical measures for vector energy: asymptotics of non-diagonal multiple orthogonal polynomials for a cubic weight
• The supercritical regime in the normal matrix model with cubic potential

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