Revisiting the combinatorics of the 2D Ising model

DOI10.4171/AIHPD/42MaRDI QIDQ2412682zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Dmitry Chelkak, David Cimasoni, Adrien Kassel

Publication date 24 October 2017

Published in Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré D. Combinatorics, Physics and their Interactions (AIHPD) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.08242

zbMATH Keywords

discrete holomorphic functionsdouble-Ising modelfermionic observablesIsing modelKac-Ward matrixspin correlationsspin structures

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lattice systems (Ising, dimer, Potts, etc.) and systems on graphs arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B20)

Abstract: We provide a concise exposition with original proofs of combinatorial formulas for the 2D Ising model partition function, multi-point fermionic observables, spin and energy density correlations, for general graphs and interaction constants, using the language of Kac-Ward matrices. We also give a brief account of the relations between various alternative formalisms which have been used in the combinatorial study of the planar Ising model: dimers and Grassmann variables, spin and disorder operators, and, more recently, s-holomorphic observables. In addition, we point out that these formulas can be extended to the double-Ising model, defined as a pointwise product of two Ising spin configurations on the same discrete domain, coupled along the boundary.

Review text

The combinatorial method constitutes an important approach for the study of classical Ising models. The present paper provides short proofs of several combinatorial formulas (such as the Kac-Ward formula), which are useful in evaluating the partition function, multi-point fermionic observables, and spin and energy density correlations for the planar Ising model. A self-contained overview of the connections between several formalisms (dimer representation, Grassmann variables, disorder insertions, and combinatorial s-holomorphic observables) in the study of the planar Ising model is given. In the last section, the authors also make an attempt to generalize their results to the double-Ising model, which describes two identical planar Ising models with couplings at the boundary.

Recommendations

• The two-dimensional Ising model and the Kac-Ward determinant
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Cited in

(42)

• Combinatorial questions of the two-dimensional Ising model
• 2D Ising model: correlation functions at criticality via Riemann-type boundary value problems
• Combinatorics of a statistical model constructed from the 2 n square lattice
• Kac-Ward formula and its extension to order-disorder correlators through a graph zeta function
• Complete analyticity for 2D Ising completed
• The Z-Dirac and massive Laplacian operators in the Z-invariant Ising model
• Non-integrable Ising models in cylindrical geometry: Grassmann representation and infinite volume limit
• On multiple SLE for the FK-Ising model
• Conformal field theory at the lattice level: discrete complex analysis and Virasoro structure
• The free-fermion eight-vertex model: couplings, bipartite dimers and \(Z\)-invariance
• The Green's function on the double cover of the grid and application to the uniform spanning tree trunk
• Circle patterns and critical Ising models
• The planar Ising model and total positivity
• Ising model: local spin correlations and conformal invariance
• Emergent planarity in two-dimensional Ising models with finite-range interactions
• Slit-strip Ising boundary conformal field theory. I: Discrete and continuous function spaces
• Energy correlations of non-integrable Ising models: the scaling limit in the cylinder
• Bipartite dimer representation of squares of 2d-Ising correlations
• Combinatorial approach to exactly solve the 1D Ising model
• Ising model observables and non-backtracking walks
• Lectures on the Ising and Potts models on the hypercubic lattice
• Combinatorial problems in the two-dimensional Ising model
• The simplification of the loop-counting method for the 2D Ising model
• The fermionic observable in the Ising model and the inverse Kac-Ward operator
• Weighted graphs, spanning tree generating functions and anisotropic lattice systems: illustrative results for the Ising and dimer models
• Pfaffian correlation functions of planar dimer covers
• A Pfaffian formula for the Ising partition function of surface graphs
• Universality of spin correlations in the Ising model on isoradial graphs
• Zero-temperature stochastic Ising model on planar quasi-transitive graphs
• 100 years of the (critical) Ising model on the hypercubic lattice
• Scaling limits and universality of Ising and dimer models
• The dimer and Ising models on Klein bottles
• Energy correlations in the critical Ising model on a torus
• Magnetization in the zig-zag layered Ising model and orthogonal polynomials
• Zeros of planar Ising models via flat SU(2) connections
• Spectral transform for the Ising model
• Crossing estimates for the Ising model on general s-embeddings
• Derivation of free energy, entropy and specific heat for planar Ising models: application to Archimedean lattices and their duals
• Ising model and s-embeddings of planar graphs
• The scaling limit of boundary spin correlations in non-integrable Ising models
• Conformal invariance of double random currents. I: Identification of the limit
• On some explicit integrals related to ``fractal foothills

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