Modular hyperbolas (Q1936715)

The author gives a survey of recent results on the distribution of points \((x,y)\) on modular hyperbolas \(xy \equiv a\pmod m\). The article contains a very diverse range of applications of such results (geometric properties of modular hyperbolas, Lehmer problem, arithmetic structure of shifted products, sums of divisor functions over quadratic polynomials and arithmetic progressions, properties of elliptic curves, Frobenius numbers, coefficients of cyclotomic polynomials, continued fractions, discrete logarithm algorithms, multivariate generalizations, etc). The author suggests a number of open problems of different levels of difficulty. The paper also can be considered as a good source of links concerning applications of Kloosterman sums.