Artinian algebras and Jordan type (Q2108556)

This paper is dedicated to study several aspects and property of Jordan types for Artinian graded and local algebras and constitutes both a resumé of known results and an in-depth analysis of properties and relations of this notion with the strong and weak Lefschetz properties, Hilbert functions and in general with the study of the ranks of the multiplication operators \(m_{\ell^i} : A\to A\) for a graded algebra \(A\), defined by powers \(\ell^i\) of generic linear elements \(\ell \in A_1\); also the case of local algebras \(\mathcal{A}\) is studied, for \(\ell \in \mathfrak{m}_{\mathcal{A}}\). Given any linear element \(\ell\) in \(A_1\), the set of all ranks of \(m_{\ell_i}\), determine the \(Jordan\) \(type\), which is a partition of \(n = \dim_k A\): \(P_{\ell}= (p_1, \dots, p_s)\), where \(p_1 \geq \dots \geq p_s\), are the block sizes of the Jordan canonical form of the matrix of the multiplication map \(m_\ell\). The data of the Jordan type \(P_{\ell}\) plus the Hilbert function of \(A\) determine whether the pair \((\ell, A)\) is strong Lefschetz, or weak Lefschetz. However, in general there are many possibilities for the Jordan type which are studied in the paper, also for Artinian local algebras or modules over them, with quite a richness of examples and applications, e.g. for free extensions of \(A\) with fiber \(B\) (i.e. flat deformations of \(A\otimes_K B\) ) or for connections to vector bundles.