The moduli space of Fano manifolds with Kähler-Ricci solitons (Q2335487)

A Kähler metric $g$ on a Fano manifold $X$ is called Kähler-Ricci soliton if it satifies the equation \[ \operatorname{Ric}(g) -L_{\xi}g=g \] for some holomorphic vector field $\xi$. This is a natural generalization of Kähler-Einstein metrics from the viewpoint of Kähler-Ricci flow. There are many examples of non Kähler-Einstein Fano manifolds admitting Kähler-Ricci solitons. The existence of Kähler-Ricci solitons is equivalent to the $K$-polystability of the pair $(X,\xi)$. While general moduli spaces of Fano manifolds are non-separated, there is the general expectation of a good moduli theory for some sort of \textit{stable varieties}. Stability for Fano manifolds means $K$-stability which motivates to study the moduli space of Fano manifolds admitting Kähler-Ricci solitons. Let $\mathcal{KR}_{GH}(n)$ be the set of biholomorphism classes of $n$-dimensional Fano manifolds admitting Kähler-Ricci solitons. This set can be endowed with a natural topology induced from the complexified Gromov-Hausdorff convergence. The main theorem is the following: Theorem. The Hausdorff topological space $\mathcal{KR}_{GH}(n)$ admits a natural complex analytic structure which is uniquely characterized by the following universal property of a natural morphism $\textbf{K}(n) \to\mathcal{KR}_{GH}(n)$ from the moduli stack: any morphism $\textbf{K}(n) \to X$ to any complex space $X$ factors holomorphically and uniquely through $\mathcal{KR}_{GH}(n)$. The main tool for the construction of complex analytic charts on $\mathcal{KR}_{GH}(n)$ is the following infinite-dimensional moment map picture: Observation. Let $(M,\omega)$ be a $2n$-dimensional $C^{\infty}$ symplectic manifold underlying a Fano manifold with a Hamiltonian action of a closed real torus $T$. For any $\xi \in \mathfrak{t}=\mathrm{Lie}(T)$, there is a moment map \[ S_{\xi}: \mathcal{J}_T(M,\omega) \to \mathrm{Lie}(\mathrm{Ham}_T(M,\omega))^{\vee} \] on the space $\mathcal{J}_T(M,\omega)$ of $T$-invariant almost complex structures with respect to the modified symplectic structure $\Omega_{\xi}$ and the action of $\mathrm{Ham}_T(M,\omega)$. The integrable complex structures in $S_{\xi}^{-1}(0)$ correspond to Kähler-Ricci solitons. By pulling back a suitable perturbation of the moment map to the Kuranishi space in order to get a finite-dimensional one, one can translate the zeroes of the moment map into polystable orbits under the $\operatorname{Aut}_T(X)$ action. By applying analytic GIT one gets local holomorphic charts. With the use of a new result on the uniqueness of the gentle degeneration the author is able to glue these charts together to obtain his main result. This uses arguments on Gromov-Hausdorff convergence and the language of analytic stacks. The technical difficulties are exposed very clearly and the paper overall is very detailed which makes it quite readable.