Nearest neighbor recurrence relations for multiple orthogonal polynomials
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Abstract: We show that multiple orthogonal polynomials for r measures satisfy a system of linear recurrence relations only involving nearest neighbor multi-indices , where are the standard unit vectors. The recurrence coefficients are not arbitrary but satisfy a system of partial difference equations with boundary values given by the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials with each of measures . We show how the Christoffel-Darboux formula for multiple orthogonal polynomials can be obtained easily using this information. We give explicit examples involving multiple Hermite, Charlier, Laguerre, and Jacobi polynomials.
The paper deals with multiple orthogonal polynomials and shows that the multiple orthogonal polynomials for \(r\) measures \((\mu_1, \dots, \mu_r)\) satisfy a system of linear recurrence relations only involving nearest neighbor muti-indices \(\overrightarrow{n}\pm \overrightarrow{e_j}\), where \(\overrightarrow{e_j}\) are the standard unit vectors. The main result is that the recurrence coefficients satisfy a system of partial difference equations. The boundary conditions are given by the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials with measure \(\mu_j\) whenever \(\overrightarrow{n}=n \overrightarrow{e_j}\), i.e., when all the components in the multi-index \(\overrightarrow{n}\) are zero except for the \(j\)th component. Moreover, it is also shown how the nearest neighbor recurrence relations and the partial difference equations for the recurrence coefficients can be used to give a simple proof of the Christoffel-Darboux formula for multiple orthogonal polynomials. Finally, some examples involving multiple Hermite, Charlier, Laguerre and Jacobi orthogonal polynomials are given, as well as their recurrence coefficients.
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Cited in
(50)- Construction of the optimal set of two or three quadrature rules in the sense of Borges
- Construction of the optimal set of quadrature rules in the sense of Borges
- Non-Hermitian oscillator Hamiltonians and multiple Charlier polynomials
- Spectral curves, variational problems and the Hermitian matrix model with external source
- Global fluctuations for multiple orthogonal polynomial ensembles
- Spectral theory of Jacobi matrices on trees whose coefficients are generated by multiple orthogonality
- Jacobi matrices on trees generated by Angelesco systems: asymptotics of coefficients and essential spectrum
- Christoffel functions for multiple orthogonal polynomials
- On the \(\omega\)-multiple Charlier polynomials
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