Constrained energy minimization and orbital stability for the NLS equation on a star graph

DOI10.1016/J.ANIHPC.2013.09.003zbMATH Open1304.81087arXiv1211.1515OpenAlexW2039722047MaRDI QIDQ477447FDOQ477447

Riccardo Adami, Claudio Cacciapuoti, Domenico Finco, Diego Noja

Publication date: 9 December 2014

Published in: Annales de l'Institut Henri Poincaré. Analyse Non Linéaire (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: We consider a nonlinear Schr"odinger equation with focusing nonlinearity of power type on a star graph $mathcalG$, written as $ipartia{l}_{t}Psi(t)=HPsi(t)-|Psi(t){|}^{2mu}Psi(t)$, where $H$ is the selfadjoint operator which defines the linear dynamics on the graph with an attractive $delta$ interaction, with strength $alpha<0$, at the vertex. The mass and energy functionals are conserved by the flow. We show that for $0<mu<2$ the energy at fixed mass is bounded from below and that for every mass $m$ below a critical mass $m^{*}$ it attains its minimum value at a certain $hatPs{i}_{m}in{H}^1(GG)$, while for $m>m^{*}$ there is no minimum. Moreover, the set of minimizers has the structure $mathcalM=e^{iheta}hatPs{i}_m,hetainerre$. Correspondingly, for every $m<m^{*}$ there exists a unique $omega=omega(m)$ such that the standing wave $hatPs{i}_{omega}{e}^{iomegat}$ is orbitally stable. To prove the above results we adapt the concentration-compactness method to the case of a star graph. This is non trivial due to the lack of translational symmetry of the set supporting the dynamics, i.e. the graph. This affects in an essential way the proof and the statement of concentration-compactness lemma and its application to minimization of constrained energy. The existence of a mass threshold comes from the instability of the system in the free (or Kirchhoff's) case, that in our setting corresponds to $al=0$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1211.1515

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations) (35Q55) Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35)

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