Galoisian approach to integrability of Schrödinger equation

DOI10.1016/S0034-4877(11)60019-0zbMATH Open1238.81090arXiv1008.3445OpenAlexW2123073812MaRDI QIDQ658622FDOQ658622

Authors: Primitivo Belén Acosta-Humánez, Juan J. Morales-Ruiz, Jacques-Arthur Weil 

Publication date: 13 January 2012

Published in: Reports on Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: In this paper, we examine the non-relativistic stationary Schr"odinger equation from a differential Galois-theoretic perspective. The main algorithmic tools are pullbacks of second order ordinary linear differential operators, so as to achieve rational function coefficients ("algebrization"), and Kovacic's algorithm for solving the resulting equations. In particular, we use this Galoisian approach to analyze Darboux transformations, Crum iterations and supersymmetric quantum mechanics. We obtain the ground states, eigenvalues, eigenfunctions, eigenstates and differential Galois groups of a large class of Schr"odinger equations, e.g. those with exactly solvable and shape invariant potentials (the terms are defined within). Finally, we introduce a method for determining when exact solvability is possible.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1008.3445

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zbMATH Keywords

Darboux transformationdifferential Galois groupshape invariant potentialsSchrödinger equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Closed and approximate solutions to the Schrödinger, Dirac, Klein-Gordon and other equations of quantum mechanics (81Q05) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Differential algebra (12H05) Special quantum systems, such as solvable systems (81Q80)

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Cited In (26)

• Spectral Picard-Vessiot fields for algebro-geometric Schrödinger operators
• Algebraic and qualitative remarks about the family \(yy' = (\alpha x^{m+k-1} + \beta x^{m-k-1})y + \gamma x^{2m-2k-1}\)
• Computing the Galois group of some parameterized linear differential equation of order two
• Differential Galois theory and Darboux transformations for integrable systems
• Transversality of homoclinic orbits to hyperbolic equilibria in a Hamiltonian system, via the Hamilton-Jacobi equation
• Darboux transformations for orthogonal differential systems and differential Galois theory
• Generalized Lennard-Jones potentials, SUSYQM and differential Galois theory
• Elliptic solitons, Fuchsian equations, and algorithms
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• Complex dynamics of some Hamiltonian systems: nonintegrability of equations of motion
• On the integrability of polynomial vector fields in the plane by means of Picard-Vessiot theory
• Integrability of the one dimensional Schrödinger equation

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