Universality criterion sets for quadratic forms over number fields
Quadratic forms over global rings and fields (11E12) General ternary and quaternary quadratic forms; forms of more than two variables (11E20) Sums of squares and representations by other particular quadratic forms (11E25) Algebraic numbers; rings of algebraic integers (11R04) Totally real fields (11R80)
Let \(K\) be a totally real algebraic number field with ring of integers \(\mathcal O_K\), and let \(\mathcal O_K^+\) and \(\mathcal U_K\) denote the set of all totally positive elements of \(\mathcal O_K\) and the unit group of \(K\), respectively. A totally positive definite integral quadratic form over \(K\) is said to be universal if it represents all elements of \(\mathcal O_K^+\). A subset \(\mathcal C\) of \(\mathcal O_K^+\) is a universality criterion set for \(K\) if a totally positive definite integral quadratic form over \(K\) is universal whenever it represents the elements of \(\mathcal C\). The existence of finite universality criterion sets for general totally real number fields was recently established by \textit{W. K. Chan} and \textit{B.-K. Oh} [Adv. Math. 433, Article ID 109317, 20 p. (2023; Zbl 1540.11026)]. In the present paper, the authors prove that for every totally real number field \(K\), there exists a unique universality criterion set \(\mathcal C_K\) which is minimal with respect to set inclusion. In order to obtain the uniqueness here, it is noted that the elements of \(\mathcal C_K\) need to be considered as elements of \(\mathcal O_K^+/\mathcal U_K^2\). It is further shown that certain elements must always be contained in universality criterion sets. For example, these sets must contain all squarefree indecomposables. The results are shown to carry over to the more general context of studying quadratic forms representing any given subset of elements of \(\mathcal O_K^+\).
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- Indecomposable integers in real quadratic fields
- Indecomposable totally positive numbers in real quadratic orders
- Lifting problem for universal quadratic forms
- Lifting problem for universal quadratic forms over totally real cubic number fields
- Minimal \(\mathcal S\)-universality criteria may vary in size
- Minimal rank of universal lattices and number of indecomposable elements in real multiquadratic fields
- Minimal universality criterion sets on the representations of binary quadratic forms
- Norms of indecomposable integers in real quadratic fields
- Number fields without \(n\)-ary universal quadratic forms
- Number fields without universal quadratic forms of small rank exist in most degrees
- Oh's 8-universality criterion is unique
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- Quadratic Forms Representing All Odd Positive Integers
- Quadratic forms representing all primes
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- The trace of totally positive and real algebraic integers
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- Uniqueness of the 2-universality criterion
- Universal $\mathbb {Z}$-lattices of minimal rank
- Universal forms over \(\mathbb Q(\sqrt{5})\)
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- Universal positive quaternary quadratic lattices over totally real number fields
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- Über die Verteilung der Wurzeln bei gewissen algebraischen Gleichungen mit ganzzahligen Koeffizienten.
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