Distribution profiles and their dynamic transition in stochastic gene transcription
bimodal distributiondistribution profilesgene transcriptiongenerating functionsmaster equationmethod of characteristicsprobability mass functionsspectral solutions
Ordinary differential equations and systems with randomness (34F05) Generation, random and stochastic difference and differential equations (37H10) Applications of Markov chains and discrete-time Markov processes on general state spaces (social mobility, learning theory, industrial processes, etc.) (60J20) Protein sequences, DNA sequences (92D20)
The authors express the mass function \(P_m(t)\) of the gene transcription in single cells, as a simple mathematical functions of the rate constants defined in the two-state model. The basic idea is to transform the master equations of \(P_m(t)\) into several special types of second-order ordinary differential equations using the method of characteristics (see for example the book of [\textit{L. C. Evans}, Partial differential equations. 2nd ed. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (2010; Zbl 1194.35001)]). In the second section, they derive the exact form of the probability generating function (Theorem 3 and Theorem 4) and express the probability mass function in elementary forms (Theorem 5 from the third section). The main results are given in Theorem 1 and Theorem 2 and their proofs are given in the last section. Also, some numerical examples are given. These results generalize some similar results due to \textit{J. Peccoud} and \textit{B. Ycart} [Theor. Popul. Biol. 48, No. 2, 222--234 (1995; Zbl 0865.92006)], D. T. Gillespie (2007), Tang M. (2008), S. Iyer-Biswas F. Hayot and C. Ayaprakash (2009) or B. Munsky, G. Neuert and A. van Oudenaarden (2012).
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