Heat equation on the Heisenberg group: observability and applications

DOI10.1016/J.JDE.2016.12.021MaRDI QIDQ507569zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Karine Beauchard, Piermarco Cannarsa

Publication date 6 February 2017

Published in Journal of Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.02508

zbMATH Keywords

degenerate parabolic equationsobservabilityLipschitz stabilityHeisenberg-Laplacian operator

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Controllability (93B05) Degenerate parabolic equations (35K65) Observability (93B07) PDEs on Heisenberg groups, Lie groups, Carnot groups, etc. (35R03)

Abstract: We investigate observability and Lipschitz stability for the Heisenberg heat equation on the rectangular domain ${\displaystyle }$Omega = (-1,1) imesmathbb{T} imesmathbb{T}${\displaystyle }$ taking as observation regions slices of the form $omega=(a,b)imesmathbbTimesmathbbT$ or tubes $omega=(a,b)imesomeg{a}_{y}imesmathbbT$, with $-1<a<b<1$. We prove that observability fails for an arbitrary time $T>0$ but both observability and Lipschitz stability hold true after a positive minimal time, which depends on the distance between $omega$ and the boundary of $Omega$: ${\displaystyle }$T_{min} geqslant frac{1}{8} min{(1+a)^2,(1-b)^2}.${\displaystyle }$ Our proof follows a mixed strategy which combines the approach by Lebeau and Robbiano, which relies on Fourier decomposition, with Carleman inequalities for the heat equations that are solved by the Fourier modes. We extend the analysis to the unbounded domain $(-1,1)imesmathbbTimesmathbbR$.

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