Observable set, observability, interpolation inequality and spectral inequality for the heat equation in R^n

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2019.04.009zbMATH Open1428.35146arXiv1711.04279OpenAlexW2964134857MaRDI QIDQ2416985FDOQ2416985

Authors: Ming Wang, Can Zhang, Yubiao Zhang, Gengsheng Wang 

Publication date: 27 May 2019

Published in: Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées. Neuvième Série (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: This paper studies connections among observable sets, the observability inequality, the H"{o}lder-type interpolation inequality and the spectral inequality for the heat equation in $mathbb{R}^n$. We present a characteristic of observable sets for the heat equation. In more detail, we show that a measurable set in $mathbb{R}^n$ satisfies the observability inequality if and only if it is $gamma$-thick at scale $L$ for some $gamma>0$ and $L>0$.We also build up the equivalence among the above-mentioned three inequalities. More precisely, we obtain that if a measurable set $Esubsetmathbb{R}^n$ satisfies one of these inequalities, then it satisfies others. Finally, we get some weak observability inequalities and weak interpolation inequalities where observations are made over a ball.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04279

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zbMATH Keywords

observability inequalityspectral inequalitycharacteristic of observable setsHölder-type interpolation inequality

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Controllability (93B05) Heat equation (35K05) Initial-boundary value problems for second-order parabolic equations (35K20) Observability (93B07)

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