Ten equivalent definitions of the fractional Laplace operator

DOI10.1515/FCA-2017-0002zbMATH1375.47038OpenAlexW986594838MaRDI QIDQ520790FDOQ520790

Authors M. Kwaśnicki

Publication date 6 April 2017

Published in Fractional Calculus \ Applied Analysis (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1507.07356

zbMATH Keywords

fractional LaplacianRiesz potentialsingular integralBochner's subordinationBalakrishnan's formulaDynkin's characteristic operatorextension techniqueweak definition

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Transition functions, generators and resolvents (60J35) Pseudodifferential operators as generalizations of partial differential operators (35S05) Pseudodifferential operators (47G30)

Abstract: This article reviews several definitions of the fractional Laplace operator (-Delta)^{alpha/2} (0 < alpha < 2) in R^d, also known as the Riesz fractional derivative operator, as an operator on Lebesgue spaces L^p, on the space C_0 of continuous functions vanishing at infinity and on the space C_{bu} of bounded uniformly continuous functions. Among these definitions are ones involving singular integrals, semigroups of operators, Bochner's subordination and harmonic extensions. We collect and extend known results in order to prove that all these definitions agree: on each of the function spaces considered, the corresponding operators have common domain and they coincide on that common domain.

Recommendations

• Fractional Laplacians : a short survey
• On the generalized fractional Laplacian
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1356365
• On fractional Laplacians
• Fractional Laplacian, homogeneous Sobolev spaces and their realizations

Cites work

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3134643 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3137662 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1232408 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1565314 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 898998 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1402217 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3215021 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3329342 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3399629 (Why is no real title available?)
• $\alpha $-continuity properties of the symmetric $\alpha $-stable process
• A note on Riesz fractional integrals in the limiting case \(\alpha(x)p(x) \equiv n\)
• Abelian and Tauberian theorems for a class of integral transforms
• An Extension Problem Related to the Fractional Laplacian
• Bernstein functions. Theory and applications
• Boundary Harnack inequality for Markov processes with jumps
• Censored stable processes
• Dirichlet forms and symmetric Markov processes.
• Estimates and structure of \(\alpha\)-harmonic functions
• Experimental implications of Bochner-Levy-Riesz diffusion
• Extension problem and Harnack's inequality for some fractional operators
• Extension problem and fractional operators: semigroups and wave equations
• First Passage Times for Symmetric Stable Processes in Space
• Fractional Laplace operator and Meijer G-function
• Fractional calculus for power functions and eigenvalues of the fractional Laplacian
• Fractional integral on martingale Hardy spaces with variable exponents
• Higher order PDEs and symmetric stable processes
• Hitchhiker's guide to the fractional Sobolev spaces
• Integral operators in non-standard function spaces. Volume 1: Variable exponent Lebesgue and amalgam spaces
• Nonlocal diffusion and applications
• Nonlocal equations in bounded domains: a survey
• On Kelvin transformation
• On some inversion formulas for Riesz potentials and \(k\)-plane transforms
• On the Distribution of First Hits for the Symmetric Stable Processes
• Parameter depending almost monotonic functions and their applications to dimensions in metric measures spaces
• Potential theory for the α-stable Schrödinger operator on bounded Lipschitz domains
• Potential theory. An analytic and probabilistic approach to balayage
• Pseudo differential operators and Markov processes. In 3 vol. Vol. 1: Fourier analysis and semigroups
• Regularity estimates for the solution and the free boundary of the obstacle problem for the fractional Laplacian
• Sloshing frequencies
• Slowly varying functions and asymptotic behavior of a class of integral transforms. III
• Some Theorems Concerning 2-Dimensional Brownian Motion
• Spectral Gap for the Cauchy Process on Convex, Symmetric Domains
• Spectral analysis of subordinate Brownian motions on the half-line
• Spectral properties of the Cauchy process on half-line and interval
• Symmetric Stable Processes as Traces of Degenerate Diffusion Processes
• Table of integrals, series, and products. Translated from the Russian. Translation edited and with a preface by Alan Jeffrey and Daniel Zwillinger. With one CD-ROM (Windows, Macintosh and UNIX)
• The Cauchy process and the Steklov problem
• The dock problem
• The first exit time of a two-dimensional symmetric stable process from a wedge
• The fractional Laplacian as a limiting case of a self-similar spring model and applications to \(n\)-dimensional anomalous diffusion
• The ice-fishing problem: the fundamental sloshing frequency versus geometry of holes

Cited in

(only showing first 100 items - show all)

• On fractional and fractal formulations of gradient linear and nonlinear elasticity
• A fast implicit difference scheme for solving high-dimensional time-space fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation
• Propagation of chaos for fractional Keller Segel equations in diffusion dominated and fair competition cases
• On the domain of fractional Laplacians and related generators of Feller processes
• Approximation of heavy-tailed distributions via stable-driven SDEs
• Local atomic decompositions for multidimensional Hardy spaces
• Pólya's conjecture fails for the fractional Laplacian
• Inverse problems for the fractional-Laplacian with lower order non-local perturbations
• Fractional Calderón problems and Poincaré inequalities on unbounded domains
• Fractional vector analysis based on invariance requirements (critique of coordinate approaches)
• Preface: Numerical analysis of fractional differential equations
• Discretizations of the spectral fractional Laplacian on general domains with Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions
• Towards perfectly matched layers for time-dependent space fractional PDEs
• Energy preserving relaxation method for space-fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation
• Pseudodifferential equation of fluctuations of nonstationary gravitational fields
• Unique continuation of the normal operator of the x-ray transform and applications in geophysics
• Quasi-optimal convergence rate for an adaptive method for the integral fractional Laplacian
• Well-posedness and regularity for a generalized fractional Cahn-Hilliard system
• Complex interpolation with Dirichlet boundary conditions on the half line
• Anomalous diffusion in one-dimensional disordered systems: a discrete fractional Laplacian method
• Extension technique for complete Bernstein functions of the Laplace operator
• Classification of blow-ups and monotonicity formula for half-Laplacian nonlinear heat equation
• Should I stay or should I go? Zero-size jumps in random walks for Lévy flights
• \(S\)-asymptotically periodic solutions for time-space fractional evolution equation
• Numerical Method for the Time-Fractional Porous Medium Equation
• Symmetric properties for system involving uniformly elliptic nonlocal operators
• Ultralocal nature of geometrogenesis
• A survey on numerical methods for spectral space-fractional diffusion problems
• First passage time moments of asymmetric Lévy flights
• The fractional Schrödinger equation with Hardy-type potentials and sign-changing nonlinearities
• Subordination principles for the multi-dimensional space-time-fractional diffusion-wave equation
• Scaling limits in divisible sandpiles: a Fourier multiplier approach
• Constructing fractional Gaussian fields from long-range divisible sandpiles on the torus
• Numerical continuation for fractional PDEs: sharp teeth and bloated snakes
• An efficient second-order energy stable BDF scheme for the space fractional Cahn-Hilliard equation
• Evolution equations with sectorial operator on fractional power scales
• What is the fractional Laplacian? A comparative review with new results
• Linear Boltzmann equation and fractional diffusion
• Functional inequalities for a class of nonlocal hypoelliptic equations of Hörmander type
• Finite element methods for fractional-order diffusion problems with optimal convergence order
• Symplectic scheme for the Schrödinger equation with fractional Laplacian
• Fractional powers of vector operators and fractional Fourier's law in a Hilbert space
• On the generalized fractional Laplacian
• Global well-posedness of solutions to the Cauchy problem of convective Cahn-Hilliard equation. Cauchy problem of convective Cahn-Hilliard equation
• Unique continuation property and Poincaré inequality for higher order fractional Laplacians with applications in inverse problems
• A comparative study on nonlocal diffusion operators related to the fractional Laplacian
• On Riesz derivative
• Stable standing waves of nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equations
• On the well-posedness for a class of pseudo-differential parabolic equations
• A simple solver for the fractional Laplacian in multiple dimensions
• Asymptotic analysis of the Dirichlet fractional Laplacian in domains becoming unbounded
• Well-posedness for a class of pseudodifferential diffusion equations on the torus
• Two-level schemes of Cauchy problem method for solving fractional powers of elliptic operators
• Subordination principle for space-time fractional evolution equations and some applications
• Asymptotic behavior of non-autonomous fractional stochastic lattice systems with multiplicative noise
• Existence of solution of space-time fractional diffusion-wave equation in weighted Sobolev space
• Global uniqueness for the fractional semilinear Schrödinger equation
• The Calderón Problem for the Fractional Wave Equation: Uniqueness and Optimal Stability
• Isogeometric collocation method for the fractional Laplacian in the 2D bounded domain
• Blow-up results for semi-linear structurally damped \(\sigma\)-evolution equations
• Existence results for fractional \(p(x, . )\)-Laplacian problem via the Nehari manifold approach
• Symmetry in stationary and uniformly rotating solutions of active scalar equations
• Models of space-fractional diffusion: a critical review
• Liouville-type theorems for sign-changing solutions to nonlocal elliptic inequalities and systems with variable-exponent nonlinearities
• Regularized splitting spectral method for space-fractional logarithmic Schrödinger equation
• Fractional Laplacian with Hardy potential
• Tensor product method for fast solution of optimal control problems with fractional multidimensional Laplacian in constraints
• On the spectrum of two different fractional operators
• Fractional Keller-Segel equations
• On a nonlocal problem involving the fractional \(p(x,.)\)-Laplacian satisfying Cerami condition
• The time fractional Schrödinger equation with a nonlinearity of Hartree type
• Fractional Burgers equation with singular initial condition
• Strong maximum principles for fractional Laplacians
• Error estimates of spectral Galerkin methods for a linear fractional reaction-diffusion equation
• Non-local Gehring lemmas in spaces of homogeneous type and applications
• Errata to: ``Blow-up of solutions for semilinear fractional Schrödinger equations
• Numerical methods for time-fractional evolution equations with nonsmooth data: a concise overview
• The fractional \(p\)-Laplacian evolution equation in \(\mathbb{R}^N\) in the sublinear case
• \({\mathscr{H}} \)-matrix approximability of inverses of discretizations of the fractional Laplacian
• Liouville type theorem for fractional Laplacian system
• Large global-in-time solutions to a nonlocal model of chemotaxis
• On symmetrizing the ultraspherical spectral method for self-adjoint problems
• A regularity theory for stochastic partial differential equations driven by multiplicative space-time white noise with the random fractional Laplacians
• Optimal Hardy inequality for the fractional Laplacian on \(L^p\)
• Schauder estimates for equations associated with Lévy generators
• On the Bernoulli free boundary problems for the half Laplacian and for the spectral half Laplacian
• The Cauchy-Dirichlet problem for singular nonlocal diffusions on bounded domains
• Maximal inequalities and exponential estimates for stochastic convolutions driven by Lévy-type processes in Banach spaces with application to stochastic quasi-geostrophic equations
• Monotonicity-based inversion of the fractional Schrödinger equation. I: Positive potentials
• Fractional diffusion limit of a kinetic equation with diffusive boundary conditions in the upper-half space
• A note on hypocoercivity for kinetic equations with heavy-tailed equilibrium
• Sextic tensor field theories in rank 3 and 5
• Fractional thoughts
• Fractional Laplacians, perimeters and heat semigroups in Carnot groups
• Lifshitz tails for the fractional Anderson model
• Hierarchical matrix approximations for space-fractional diffusion equations
• Delayed and rushed motions through time change
• The continuum parabolic Anderson model with a half-Laplacian and periodic noise
• Fokker-Planck equation driven by asymmetric Lévy motion
• The Calderón problem for the fractional Schrödinger equation

This page was built for publication: Ten equivalent definitions of the fractional Laplace operator

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q520790)