Differential equations for generalized Jacobi polynomials

DOI10.1016/S0377-0427(99)00338-6MaRDI QIDQ5928280zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors J. Koekoek, Roelof Koekoek

Publication date 2000

Published in Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/9908162

zbMATH Keywords

differential equationsgeneralized Jacobi polynomials

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Orthogonal polynomials and functions of hypergeometric type (Jacobi, Laguerre, Hermite, Askey scheme, etc.) (33C45) Ordinary differential equations of infinite order (34A35)

Abstract: We look for spectral type differential equations satisfied by the generalized Jacobi polynomials, which are orthogonal on the interval [-1,1] with respect to a weight function consisting of the classical Jacobi weight function together with two point masses at the endpoints of the interval of orthogonality. We show that such a differential equation is uniquely determined and we give explicit representations for the coefficients. In case of nonzero mass points the order of this differential equation is infinite, except for nonnegative integer values of (one of) the parameters. Otherwise, the finite order is explictly given in terms of the parameters.

Review text

The paper is devoted to explicit representations for the coefficients \(\{a_j(x)\}^\infty_{j=0}\), \(\{b_j(x)\}^\infty_{j=0}\) and \(\{c_j (x)\}^\infty_{j=0}\) for differential equations of the form NEWLINE\[NEWLINE\begin{multlined} M\sum^\infty_{j=0} a_j(x)y^{(j)} (x)+N\sum^\infty_{j=0} b_j(x)y^{(j)} (x)+MN \sum^\infty_{j=0} c_j(x)y^{(j)} (x)+\\ +(1-x^2)y(x)+ \bigl(\beta- \alpha-(\alpha+ \beta+2)x \bigr)y'(x)+ n(n+\alpha+ \beta +1)y(x) =0,\end{multlined}NEWLINE\]NEWLINE satisfied by the generalized Jacobi polynomials \(\{P_n^{\alpha, \beta,M,N} (x)\}^\infty_{n=0}\), which are orthogonal on the interval \([-1,1]\) with respect to a suitable weight function.

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