Amalgamated free products of weakly rigid factors and calculation of their symmetry groups

Abstract: We consider amalgamated free product II

_{1}

factors

M = M_{1} *_{B} M_{2} *_{B} ...

and use ``deformation/rigidity and ``intertwining techniques to prove that any relatively rigid von Neumann subalgebra

Q s u b s e t M

can be intertwined into one of the

M_{i}

's. We apply this to the case

M_{i}

are w-rigid II

_{1}

factors, with

B

equal to either

B b b C

, to a Cartan subalgebra

A

in

M_{i}

, or to a regular hyperfinite II

_{1}

subfactor

R

in

M_{i}

, to obtain the following type of unique decomposition results, `a la Bass-Serre: If

M = (N_{1} *_{C} N_{2} *_{C} ...)^{t}

, for some

t > 0

and some other similar inclusions of algebras

C s u b s e t N_{j}

then, after a permutation of indices,

(B s u b s e t M_{i})

is inner conjugate to

(C s u b s e t N_{i})^{t}

,

f o r a l l i

. Taking

B = B b b C

and

M_{i} = (L (B b b Z^{2} t i m e s B b b F_{2}))^{t_{i}}

, with

{t_{i}}_{i g e q 1} = S

a given countable subgroup of

B b b R_{+}^{*}

, we obtain continuously many non stably isomorphic factors

M

with fundamental group

m y c a l F (M)

equal to

S

. For

B = A

, we obtain a new class of factors

M

with unique Cartan subalgebra decomposition, with a large subclass satisfying

m y c a l F (M) = 1

and Out

(M)

abelian and calculable. Taking

B = R

, we get examples of factors with

m y c a l F (M) = 1

, Out

(M) = K

, for any given separable compact abelian group

K

.

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